PUBLICATION

Elevated preoptic brain activity in zebrafish glial glycine transporter mutants is linked to lethargy-like behaviors and delayed emergence from anesthesia

Authors
Venincasa, M.J., Randlett, O., Sumathipala, S.H., Bindernagel, R., Stark, M.J., Yan, Q., Sloan, S.A., Buglo, E., Meng, Q.C., Engert, F., Züchner, S., Kelz, M.B., Syed, S., Dallman, J.E.
ID
ZDB-PUB-210207-3
Date
2021
Source
Scientific Reports   11: 3148 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Dallman, Julia, Engert, Florian, Randlett, Owen, Sumathipala, Sureni
Keywords
none
MeSH Terms
  • Aminobenzoates
  • Anesthesia, General
  • Anesthetics
  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified
  • Craniotomy
  • Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia/genetics*
  • Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia/metabolism
  • Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia/physiopathology
  • Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia/prevention & control
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Gene Expression
  • Glycine/metabolism*
  • Glycine/pharmacology
  • Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/deficiency
  • Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics*
  • Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic/drug therapy
  • Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic/genetics*
  • Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic/metabolism
  • Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic/physiopathology
  • Ketamine
  • Locomotion/physiology
  • Neurons/drug effects
  • Neurons/metabolism*
  • Neurons/pathology
  • Preoptic Area/drug effects
  • Preoptic Area/metabolism*
  • Preoptic Area/pathology
  • Propofol
  • Zebrafish
  • Zebrafish Proteins/deficiency
  • Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
  • eIF-2 Kinase/genetics
  • eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
PubMed
33542258 Full text @ Sci. Rep.
Abstract
Delayed emergence from anesthesia was previously reported in a case study of a child with Glycine Encephalopathy. To investigate the neural basis of this delayed emergence, we developed a zebrafish glial glycine transporter (glyt1 - / -) mutant model. We compared locomotor behaviors; dose-response curves for tricaine, ketamine, and 2,6-diisopropylphenol (propofol); time to emergence from these anesthetics; and time to emergence from propofol after craniotomy in glyt1-/- mutants and their siblings. To identify differentially active brain regions in glyt1-/- mutants, we used pERK immunohistochemistry as a proxy for brain-wide neuronal activity. We show that glyt1-/- mutants initiated normal bouts of movement less frequently indicating lethargy-like behaviors. Despite similar anesthesia dose-response curves, glyt1-/- mutants took over twice as long as their siblings to emerge from ketamine or propofol, mimicking findings from the human case study. Reducing glycine levels rescued timely emergence in glyt1-/- mutants, pointing to a causal role for elevated glycine. Brain-wide pERK staining showed elevated activity in hypnotic brain regions in glyt1-/- mutants under baseline conditions and a delay in sensorimotor integration during emergence from anesthesia. Our study links elevated activity in preoptic brain regions and reduced sensorimotor integration to lethargy-like behaviors and delayed emergence from propofol in glyt1-/- mutants.
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Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
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