PUBLICATION
Biallelic variants in the RNA exosome gene EXOSC5 are associated with developmental delays, short stature, cerebellar hypoplasia and motor weakness
- Authors
- Slavotinek, A., Misceo, D., Htun, S., Mathisen, L., Frengen, E., Foreman, M., Hurtig, J.E., Enyenihi, L., Sterrett, M.C., Leung, S.W., Schneidman-Duhovny, D., Estrada-Veras, J., Duncan, J.L., Haaxma, C.A., Kamsteeg, E.J., Xia, V., Beleford, D., Si, Y., Douglas, G., Treidene, H.E., van Hoof, A., Fasken, M.B., Corbett, A.H.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-200805-1
- Date
- 2020
- Source
- Human molecular genetics 29: 2218-2239 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Htun, Stephanie, Slavotinek, Anne
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics*
- Cerebellum/abnormalities*
- Cerebellum/pathology
- Developmental Disabilities/genetics*
- Developmental Disabilities/pathology
- Dwarfism/genetics*
- Dwarfism/pathology
- Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex/genetics*
- Frameshift Mutation/genetics
- Homozygote
- Humans
- Mutation, Missense/genetics
- Nervous System Malformations/genetics*
- Nervous System Malformations/pathology
- Pedigree
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics*
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/growth & development
- PubMed
- 32504085 Full text @ Hum. Mol. Genet.
Citation
Slavotinek, A., Misceo, D., Htun, S., Mathisen, L., Frengen, E., Foreman, M., Hurtig, J.E., Enyenihi, L., Sterrett, M.C., Leung, S.W., Schneidman-Duhovny, D., Estrada-Veras, J., Duncan, J.L., Haaxma, C.A., Kamsteeg, E.J., Xia, V., Beleford, D., Si, Y., Douglas, G., Treidene, H.E., van Hoof, A., Fasken, M.B., Corbett, A.H. (2020) Biallelic variants in the RNA exosome gene EXOSC5 are associated with developmental delays, short stature, cerebellar hypoplasia and motor weakness. Human molecular genetics. 29:2218-2239.
Abstract
The RNA exosome is an essential ribonuclease complex required for processing and/or degradation of both coding and non-coding RNAs. We identified five patients with biallelic variants in EXOSC5, which encodes a structural subunit of the RNA exosome. The clinical features of these patients include failure to thrive, short stature, feeding difficulties, developmental delays that affect motor skills, hypotonia and esotropia. Brain MRI revealed cerebellar hypoplasia and ventriculomegaly. While we ascertained five patients, three patients with distinct variants of EXOSC5 were studied in detail. The first patient had a deletion involving exons 5-6 of EXOSC5 and a missense variant, p.Thr114Ile, that were inherited in trans, the second patient was homozygous for p.Leu206His and the third patient had paternal isodisomy for chromosome 19 and was homozygous for p.Met148Thr. The additional two patients ascertained are siblings who had an early frameshift mutation in EXOSC5 and the p.Thr114Ile missense variant that were inherited in trans. We employed three complementary approaches to explore the requirement for EXOSC5 in brain development and assess consequences of pathogenic EXOSC5 variants. Loss of function for exosc5 in zebrafish results in shortened and curved tails/bodies, reduced eye/head size and edema. We modeled pathogenic EXOSC5 variants in both budding yeast and mammalian cells. Some of these variants cause defects in RNA exosome function as well as altered interactions with other RNA exosome subunits. These findings expand the number of genes encoding RNA exosome subunits linked to human disease while also suggesting that disease mechanism varies depending on the specific pathogenic variant.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping