PUBLICATION
Phasic and tonic serotonin modulate alarm reactions and post-exposure behavior in zebrafish
- Authors
- Lima-Maximino, M., Pyterson, M.P., do Carmo Silva, R.X., Gomes, G.C.V., Rocha, S.P., Herculano, A.M., Rosemberg, D.B., Maximino, C.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-200208-9
- Date
- 2020
- Source
- Journal of neurochemistry 153(4): 495-509 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Maximino, Caio
- Keywords
- Alarm substance, Fear, Panic, Serotonin, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Exploratory Behavior/drug effects*
- Exploratory Behavior/physiology*
- Fear/drug effects*
- Fear/physiology*
- Fear/psychology
- Female
- Male
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/pharmacology*
- Serotonin/metabolism*
- Swimming/physiology
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 32031241 Full text @ J. Neurochem.
Citation
Lima-Maximino, M., Pyterson, M.P., do Carmo Silva, R.X., Gomes, G.C.V., Rocha, S.P., Herculano, A.M., Rosemberg, D.B., Maximino, C. (2020) Phasic and tonic serotonin modulate alarm reactions and post-exposure behavior in zebrafish. Journal of neurochemistry. 153(4):495-509.
Abstract
Current theories on the role of serotonin (5-HT) in vertebrate defensive behavior suggest that this monoamine increases anxiety but decreases fear, by acting at different levels of the neuroaxis. This paradoxical, dual role of 5-HT suggests that a serotonergic tone inhibits fear responses, while an acute increase in 5-HT would produce anxiety-like behavior. However, so far no evidence for a serotonergic tone has been found. Using zebrafish alarm responses, we investigate the participation of phasic and tonic 5-HT levels in fear-like behavior, as well as in behavior after stimulation. Conspecific alarm substance (CAS) increased bottom-dwelling and erratic swimming, and animals transferred to a novel environment after CAS exposure (post-exposure behavior) showed increased bottom-dwelling and freezing. Clonazepam blocked CAS effects during and after exposure. Acute fluoxetine dose-dependently decreased fear-like behavior, but increased post-exposure freezing. Metergoline had no effect on fear-like behavior, but blocked the effects of CAS on post-exposure behavior; similar effects were observed with pCPA. Finally, CAS was shown to decrease the activity of monoamine oxidase in the zebrafish brain after exposure. These results suggest that phasic and tonic serotonin encode an aversive expectation value, switching behavior towards cautious exploration/risk assessment/anxiety when the aversive stimulus is no longer present.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping