PUBLICATION

Structures of the otopetrin proton channels Otop1 and Otop3

Authors
Saotome, K., Teng, B., Tsui, C.C.A., Lee, W.H., Tu, Y.H., Kaplan, J.P., Sansom, M.S.P., Liman, E.R., Ward, A.B.
ID
ZDB-PUB-190605-8
Date
2019
Source
Nature structural & molecular biology   26(6): 518-525 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
none
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Avian Proteins/chemistry*
  • Avian Proteins/metabolism
  • Avian Proteins/ultrastructure
  • Chickens*/metabolism
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Membrane Proteins/chemistry*
  • Membrane Proteins/metabolism
  • Membrane Proteins/ultrastructure
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Domains
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Proton Pumps/chemistry*
  • Proton Pumps/metabolism
  • Proton Pumps/ultrastructure
  • Zebrafish*/metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins/chemistry*
  • Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins/ultrastructure
PubMed
31160780 Full text @ Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol.
Abstract
Otopetrins (Otop1-Otop3) comprise one of two known eukaryotic proton-selective channel families. Otop1 is required for otoconia formation and a candidate mammalian sour taste receptor. Here we report cryo-EM structures of zebrafish Otop1 and chicken Otop3 in lipid nanodiscs. The structures reveal a dimeric architecture, with each subunit forming 12 transmembrane helices divided into structurally similar amino (N) and carboxy (C) domains. Cholesterol-like molecules occupy various sites in Otop1 and Otop3 and occlude a central tunnel. In molecular dynamics simulations, hydrophilic vestibules formed by the N and C domains and in the intrasubunit interface between N and C domains form conduits for water entry into the membrane core, suggesting three potential proton conduction pathways. By mutagenesis, we tested the roles of charged residues in each putative permeation pathway. Our results provide a structural basis for understanding selective proton permeation and gating of this conserved family of proton channels.
Genes / Markers
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Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
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