PUBLICATION
Evaluation of development, locomotor behavior, oxidative stress, immune responses and apoptosis in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to TBECH (tetrabromoethylcyclohexane)
- Authors
- Wang, X., Wei, L., Wang, Y., He, B., Kong, B., Zhu, J., Jin, Y., Fu, Z.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-181212-7
- Date
- 2018
- Source
- Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP 217: 106-113 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Apoptosis, Developmental toxicity, Immunotoxicity, Oxidative stress, Tetrabromoethylcyclohexane, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Caspase 3
- Catalase
- Cyclohexanes/administration & dosage
- Cyclohexanes/toxicity*
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects*
- Flame Retardants/toxicity
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Glutathione
- Larva/drug effects
- Malondialdehyde
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects*
- Superoxide Dismutase
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/administration & dosage
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
- Zebrafish/embryology
- PubMed
- 30528700 Full text @ Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol.
Citation
Wang, X., Wei, L., Wang, Y., He, B., Kong, B., Zhu, J., Jin, Y., Fu, Z. (2018) Evaluation of development, locomotor behavior, oxidative stress, immune responses and apoptosis in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to TBECH (tetrabromoethylcyclohexane). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP. 217:106-113.
Abstract
Tetrabromoethylcyclohexane (TBECH), as one emerging brominated flame retardants, is ubiquitous in the environment, including water and aquatic organisms. TBECH was found to exhibit endocrine-disrupting effects in different models, whereas a survey of comprehensive toxic effects of TBECH on zebrafish is limited. In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were waterborne exposed continuously to TBECH from embryonic stage (3 h post-fertilization (hpf)) to the time when the respective parameters were evaluated. Exposure to TBECH reduced hatchability of zebrafish embryos at 72 and 96 hpf, diminished heart rate of zebrafish larvae at 48 hpf, and increased malformation in zebrafish larvae at 96 hpf. In addition, exposure to TBECH diminished free swimming distance both in the light and under a photoperiod of 10 min light/10 min dark cycles in zebrafish larvae at 6 days post-fertilization (dpf). Moreover, exposure to TBECH elevated activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, whereas it reduced glutathione (GSH) content, in zebrafish larvae at 6 dpf. Accordingly, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that TBECH exposure increased the mRNA levels of sod1, sod2, cat, and gpx1 in zebrafish larvae at 6 dpf. With respect to the immune aspect, the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory genes, including il-1b, il-6, il-8, and tnfa, in larval zebrafish at 6 dpf were increased by exposure to TBECH, while pretreatment with TBECH inhibited 24 h of exposure to LPS-stimulated elevation in the mRNA levels of the abovementioned four pro-inflammatory genes in zebrafish larvae at 6 dpf. Furthermore, TBECH treatment increased caspase-3 enzyme activities and regulated apoptosis-related genes in larval zebrafish at 6 dpf. Taken together, the data obtained in this study demonstrated that TBECH caused developmental and locomotor behavioral toxicity, immunotoxicity, oxidative stress and proapoptotic effects in early life zebrafish. The present study will help to understand the comprehensive toxicity of TBECH in zebrafish.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping