PUBLICATION
Characterisation of amphioxus protein kinase C-δ/θ reveals a unique proto-V3 domain suggesting an evolutionary mechanism for PKC-θ unique V3
- Authors
- Chen, Z.L., Gong, B.N., Wang, Q.L., Xiao, Z.H., Deng, C., Wang, W.Q., Li, Y.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-181109-11
- Date
- 2018
- Source
- Fish & shellfish immunology 84: 1100-1107 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Amphioxus, BbPKC-δ/θ, Evolutionary mechanism, Immunological synapse, NF-κB activation, PKC-θ V3 domain, Proto-V3 domain, PxxP motif, T-cell activation
- MeSH Terms
-
- Adaptive Immunity/genetics*
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Fish Diseases/immunology*
- Gene Expression Profiling/veterinary
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology*
- Lancelets/enzymology
- Lancelets/genetics*
- Lancelets/immunology*
- Phylogeny
- Protein Kinase C-delta/chemistry
- Protein Kinase C-delta/genetics*
- Protein Kinase C-delta/immunology*
- Protein Kinase C-theta/chemistry
- Protein Kinase C-theta/genetics*
- Protein Kinase C-theta/immunology*
- Sequence Alignment/veterinary
- PubMed
- 30408601 Full text @ Fish Shellfish Immunol.
Citation
Chen, Z.L., Gong, B.N., Wang, Q.L., Xiao, Z.H., Deng, C., Wang, W.Q., Li, Y. (2018) Characterisation of amphioxus protein kinase C-δ/θ reveals a unique proto-V3 domain suggesting an evolutionary mechanism for PKC-θ unique V3. Fish & shellfish immunology. 84:1100-1107.
Abstract
A primitive adaptive immune system has recently been suggested to be present in a basal chordate amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri, Bb), making it an ideal model for studying the origin of adaptive immune. The novel protein kinase C isoform PKC-θ, but not its closest isoform PKC-δ, plays a critical role for mammalian T-cell activation via translocation to immunological synapse (IS) mediated by a unique PKC-θ V3 domain containing one PxxP motif. To understand the evolution of this unique PKC-θ V3 domain and the primitive adaptive immune system in amphioxus, we comparatively studied the orthologs of PKC-δ and -θ from amphioxus and other species. Phylogenetic analysis showed BbPKC-δ/θ to be the common ancestor of vertebrate PKC-δ and PKC-θ, with a V3 domain containing two PxxP motifs. One motif is conserved in both zebrafish and mammalian PKC-θ but is absent in PKC-δ V3 domain of these species, and has already emerged in drosophila PKC-δ. The other non-conserved motif emerged in BbPKC-δ/θ, and only retained in Danio rerio PKC-δ (DrPKC-δ) but lost in mammalian PKC-δ and -θ. Comparative analyses of the sequence and function of BbPKC-δ/θ, DrPKC-δ, DrPKC-θ and Homo sapiens PKC-θ (HsPKC-θ) in IS translocation and T-cell receptor (TCR)-induced NF-κB activation revealed that retention of the conserved PxxP motif and loss of the non-conserved PxxP motif in mammalian PKC-θ and loss of both PxxP motifs in mammalian PKC-δ accomplish the unique function of PKC-θ in T cells. Together, this study suggests an evolutionary mechanism for PKC-θ unique V3 and reveals BbPKC-δ/θ is the common ancestor of PKC-δ and -θ with a functional proto-V3 domain, supplying new evidence for the existence of primitive adaptive immune system in amphioxus.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping