PUBLICATION
Developmental toxicity and cardiac effects of butyl benzyl phthalate in zebrafish embryos
- Authors
- Sun, G., Liu, K.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-170930-2
- Date
- 2017
- Source
- Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 192: 165-170 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- BBP, Developmental toxicity, Heart, Nkx2.5, Tbx5, Zebrafish embryos
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/anatomy & histology
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects*
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Heart/drug effects*
- Heart/embryology*
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Phthalic Acids/toxicity*
- Survival Analysis
- Toxicity Tests*
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
- Zebrafish/anatomy & histology
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/physiology
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- PubMed
- 28961509 Full text @ Aquat. Toxicol.
Citation
Sun, G., Liu, K. (2017) Developmental toxicity and cardiac effects of butyl benzyl phthalate in zebrafish embryos. Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 192:165-170.
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), commonly called phthalates, have become ubiquitous environment pollutants. Studies have focused on reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, teratogenicity, tumourigenesis, and mutagenesis of phthalates. However, relatively little is known about the phthalates effects on the heart. Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), a member of PAEs, is classified by the US Environmental Protection Agency as a priority environmental pollutant. We studied the developmental toxicity of BBP, especially its effects on the heart development, in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Embryos at 4hr post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to 0, 0.1, 0.6 and 1.2mg/L BBP until 72hpf. BBP caused abnormalities in embryo morphology, including yolk-sac edema, spinal curvature, tail deformity, uninflated swim bladder and cardiac defects. Exposure to 0.6mg/L BBP significantly increased the malformation rate, caused growth inhibition, increased the cardiac malformation rate as well as the distance between the sinus venosus (SV) and bulbus arteriosus (BA), and reduced the heart rate of embryos. Exposure to 1.2mg/L BBP significantly affected all endpoints, except survival rate at 24hpf. To preliminarily elucidate the potential mechanism of heart developmental toxicity caused by BBP, we examined the expression of two genes related to heart development, Nkx2.5 and T-box transcription factor 5, by real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of the two genes was dose-dependently downregulated with BBP. BBP could induce developmental toxicity, with adverse effects on the heart development in zebrafish embryos, and alter the expression of genes related to heart development.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping