PUBLICATION
Impact of co-exposure with butachlor and triadimefon on thyroid endocrine system in larval zebrafish
- Authors
- Cao, C., Wang, Q., Jiao, F., Zhu, G.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-160804-22
- Date
- 2016
- Source
- Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie 68(8): 463-9 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Keywords
- Co-exposure, Fungicides, Herbicides, Thyroid disruption, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Acetanilides/toxicity*
- Animals
- Drug Synergism
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects*
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity*
- Lethal Dose 50
- Thyroid Gland/drug effects*
- Thyroid Gland/embryology
- Thyroid Gland/metabolism
- Thyroxine/metabolism
- Toxicity Tests, Acute
- Triazoles/toxicity*
- Triiodothyronine/metabolism
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/metabolism*
- PubMed
- 27480594 Full text @ Exp. Toxicol. Pathol.
Citation
Cao, C., Wang, Q., Jiao, F., Zhu, G. (2016) Impact of co-exposure with butachlor and triadimefon on thyroid endocrine system in larval zebrafish. Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie. 68(8):463-9.
Abstract
Introduction Butachlor (BTL) and triadimefon (TDF), the widely used herbicide and fungicide, are unavoidable enter into the aquatic environment. However, there were limited study regarding to the joint toxicity of these two pesticides on fish at present.
Aim To evaluate the potential thyroid-disrupting toxicity and exposed to different concentrations of BTL mixed with TDF.
Materials and methods Zebrafish embryo (n=3) were exposed to 0.01 and 0.05 fold of LC50 from the acute joint toxicity test, of which 0.32mg/L (BTL) and 9.41mg/L (TDF) for single or mixture agents (BTL: 0.0064mg/L, 0.032mg/L; TDF: 0.1882mg/L, 0.9410mg/L; co-exposure: 0.0032mg/L BTL+0.0941mg/L TDF, 0.016mg/l BTL+0.4705mg/L TDF) after 10-day post-fertilization. Hatching, malformation, survival rates and thyroid hormones (THs), genes expression involved in HPT-axis of embryos were measured and detected in control and separately/co-exposure treatments. THs contents were evaluated by ELISA kit and the expression levels of genes were determined by RT-PCR.
Results Hatching, malformation and survival rates of embryos exposed to single BTL exhibited no statistically significant difference from the control besides decreased of high concentration in survival rates. Exposure to TDF reduced hatching, survival rate and increased malformation. The combined exposure to BTL and TDF resulted in greater adverse effects on embryonic development. BTL exposure significantly increased free T3 and T4 contents. Elevated free T3 content was also observed in the larvae exposed with single BTL. Co-exposure of the two pesticides caused greater enhanced of T3 and T4 levels. Furthermore, gene data showed BTL up-regulated the mRNA expression of tpo, tshβ, tg, ttr, dio2, TDF up-regulated the mRNA expression of tpo, trα, ttr, dio2 and down-regulated trβ gene. The mixture of the two pesticides caused up-regulation mRNA expression of trα, trβ, tg, ttr, dio2.
Conclusion BTL and TDF resulted in adverse effects on zebrafish embryonic development and caused thyroid endocrine disruption, BTL and TDF have a synergistic effect on development and thyroid endocrine by enhanced level of thyroid hormone.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping