PUBLICATION
Missense mutations in TENM4, a regulator of axon guidance and central myelination, cause essential tremor
- Authors
- Hor, H., Francescatto, L., Bartesaghi, L., Ortega-Cubero, S., Kousi, M., Lorenzo-Betancor, O., Jiménez-Jiménez, F.J., Gironell, A., Clarimón, J., Drechsel, O., Agúndez, J.A., Broz, D.K., Chiquet-Ehrismann, R., Lleó, A., Coria, F., García-Martin, E., Alonso-Navarro, H., Martí, M.J., Kulisevsky, J., Hor, C.N., Ossowski, S., Chrast, R., Katsanis, N., Pastor, P., Estivill, X.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-150719-3
- Date
- 2015
- Source
- Human molecular genetics 24(20): 5677-86 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Francescatto, Ludmila, Katsanis, Nicholas
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Adult
- Animals
- Axons/pathology*
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- Essential Tremor/genetics*
- Essential Tremor/metabolism
- Essential Tremor/physiopathology
- Exome
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics*
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Middle Aged
- Mutation, Missense*
- Oligodendroglia/pathology*
- Pedigree
- Protein Transport
- Young Adult
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- PubMed
- 26188006 Full text @ Hum. Mol. Genet.
Citation
Hor, H., Francescatto, L., Bartesaghi, L., Ortega-Cubero, S., Kousi, M., Lorenzo-Betancor, O., Jiménez-Jiménez, F.J., Gironell, A., Clarimón, J., Drechsel, O., Agúndez, J.A., Broz, D.K., Chiquet-Ehrismann, R., Lleó, A., Coria, F., García-Martin, E., Alonso-Navarro, H., Martí, M.J., Kulisevsky, J., Hor, C.N., Ossowski, S., Chrast, R., Katsanis, N., Pastor, P., Estivill, X. (2015) Missense mutations in TENM4, a regulator of axon guidance and central myelination, cause essential tremor. Human molecular genetics. 24(20):5677-86.
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder with an estimated prevalence of 5% of the population aged over 65 years. In spite of intensive efforts, the genetic architecture of ET remains unknown. We used a combination of whole exome sequencing and targeted resequencing in three ET families. In vitro and in vivo experiments in oligodendrocyte precursor cells and zebrafish were performed to test our findings. Whole exome sequencing revealed a missense mutation in TENM4 segregating in an autosomal dominant fashion in an ET family. Subsequent targeted resequencing of TENM4 led to the discovery of two novel missense mutations. Not only did these two mutations segregate with ET in two additional families, but we also observed significant over transmission of pathogenic TENM4 alleles across the three families. Consistent with a dominant mode of inheritance, in vitro analysis in oligodendrocyte precursor cells showed that mutant proteins mislocalize. Finally, expression of human mRNA harboring any of three patient mutations in zebrafish embryos induced defects in axon guidance, confirming a dominant-negative mode of action for these mutations. Our genetic and functional data, which is corroborated by the existence of a Tenm4 knock-out mouse displaying an essential tremor phenotype, implicates TENM4 in ET. Together with previous studies of TENM4 in model organisms, our studies intimate that processes regulating myelination in the central nervous system and axon guidance might be significant contributors to the genetic burden of this disorder.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping