Expression of chondroitin/dermatan sulfate glycosyltransferases during early zebrafish development
- Authors
- Filipek-Górniok, B., Holmborn, K., Haitina, T., Habicher, J., Oliveira, M.B., Hellgren, C., Eriksson, I., Kjellén, L., Kreuger, J., and Ledin, J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-130703-24
- Date
- 2013
- Source
- Developmental Dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 242(8): 964-75 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Filipek-Górniok, Beata, Habicher, Judith, Holmborn, Katarina, Ledin, Johan
- Keywords
- chondroitin sulfate, polymerase, CSGALNACT, CHSY, CHPF, zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Chondroitin
- Chondroitin Sulfates/metabolism*
- Dermatan Sulfate/metabolism*
- Glycosyltransferases/classification
- Glycosyltransferases/genetics
- Glycosyltransferases/metabolism*
- Phylogeny
- Zebrafish
- Zebrafish Proteins/classification
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism*
- PubMed
- 23703795 Full text @ Dev. Dyn.
Background: Chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) proteoglycans present in the extracellular matrix have important structural and regulatory functions. Results: Six human genes have previously been shown to catalyze CS/DS polymerization. Here we show that one of these genes, chpf, is represented by two copies in the zebrafish genome, chpfa and chpfb, while the other five human CS/DS glycosyltransferases csgalnact1, csgalnact2, chpf2, chsy1, and chsy3 all have single zebrafish orthologues. The putative zebrafish CS/DS glycosyltransferases are spatially and temporally expressed. Interestingly, overlapping expression of multiple glycosyltransferases coincides with high CS/DS deposition. Finally, whereas the relative levels of the related polysaccharide HS reach steady-state at around 2 days post fertilization, there is a continued relative increase of the CS amounts per larvae during the first 6 days of development, matching the increased cartilage formation. Conclusions: There are 7 CS/DS glycosyltransferases in zebrafish, which, based on homology, can be divided into the CSGALNACT, CHSY, and CHPF families. The overlap between intense CS/DS production and the expression of multiple CS/DS glycosyltransferases suggests that efficient CS/DS biosynthesis requires a combination of several glycosyltransferases.