PUBLICATION
Effect of carbon nanotubes on developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
- Authors
- Cheng, J., Flahaut, E., and Cheng, S.H.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-070504-9
- Date
- 2007
- Source
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 26(4): 708-716 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Cheng, Shuk Han
- Keywords
- Carbon nanotubes, Zebrafish embryos, Hatching delay, Chorion, Nanomaterials
- MeSH Terms
-
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Blood Vessels/drug effects
- Chorion/drug effects
- Chorion/ultrastructure
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Embryonic Development/drug effects*
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- In Situ Hybridization
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Nanotubes, Carbon/toxicity*
- Particle Size
- Soot/toxicity
- Temperature
- Toxicity Tests
- Zebrafish*
- PubMed
- 17447555 Full text @ Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
Citation
Cheng, J., Flahaut, E., and Cheng, S.H. (2007) Effect of carbon nanotubes on developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Environmental toxicology and chemistry. 26(4):708-716.
Abstract
The impact of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the aquatic environment was investigated by examining the properties of raw CNTs under several environmental conditions and using developing zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. The agglomerate size for single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) was significantly larger at pH 11 or greater and was stable at temperatures from 4 to 40 degrees C and salinities from 0 to 30 ppt. Exposure to SWCNTs induced a significant hatching delay in zebrafish embryos between 52 to 72 h postfertilization (hpf) at concentrations of greater than 120 mg/L, but 99% of the exposed embryos hatched by 75 hpf. Double-walled CNTs also induced a hatching delay at concentrations of greater than 240 mg/L, but carbon black did not affect hatching at the concentrations tested. Molecular and cellular analysis showed that the embryonic development of the exposed embryos up to 96 hpf was not affected at SWCNT concentrations of up to 360 mg/L. Scanning-electron microscopic inspection showed that the size of the pores on the embryo chorion was nanoscaled and that the size of SWCNT agglomerates was microscaled or larger, indicating that the chorion of zebrafish embryos was an effective protective barrier to SWCNT agglomerates. The hatching delay observed in this study likely was induced by the Co and Ni catalysts used in the production of SWCNTs that remained at trace concentrations after purification. This study suggests that materials associated with raw SWCNTs (perhaps metal contaminants) have the potential to affect aquatic life when released into the aquatic environment.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping