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Figure 3 Cellular events occurring after telencephalic injury in zebrafish and stroke in mouse. After brain damage, numerous cells, mainly neurons, die. This process is followed by the activation and recruitment of microglial and other immune cells (leukocytes) in parallel to OPCs. Then an astrogliosis process occurs in mice, while RGCs become reactive and proliferative in zebrafish. Proliferation in the neurogenic niches peak at day 7 after damage in both models. Note that the cellular response on the contralateral side is not shown for zebrafish and rodent. In zebrafish and rodent, the first row shows cell death, microglial recruitment, and activation. In zebrafish, the second-row highlights the hypertrophy of RGC processes, the neurogenic injury-induced proliferation as well oligodendrocytes/OPCs response. In rodents, the second row shows astrogliosis, neurogenic proliferation along the SVZ and oligodendrocytes/OPCs response. Note that in zebrafish oligodendrocytes/OPCs accumulate close to the lesion site without increasing their number; dpl: day(s) post lesion, hpl: hour(s) post lesion.