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Fig. S3
Developmental toxicity of silica NPs. Effect of 20 nm, 50 nm and 80 nm silica NPs on the morphology of zebrafish larvae exposed from 4hpf – 120hpf to concentrations ranging from 12.5 mg/ml to 200 mg/ml. a) semi-quantitative scale used to calculate the severity of morphological defects, level 1 -normal: no visual defect detected; level 2-mild: embryos/larvae have less than 4 mild defects, level 3 -severe: embryos/larvae have at least one severe defect or more than 3 mild malformations; and level 4-death. PE: pericardiac edema, HM: head malformation, SE: small eyes, OP: opaque tissue, OY: opaque yolk, YND: yolk not depleted, BS: bent spine, JM: jaw malformation, SG: slow growth, TM: tail malformation, HR: hemorrhage. Scale bar = 1 mm; (b) Percentage of larval fish that showed a normal, mild or severe developmental phenotype or were dead at 120 hpf. 10 eggs were used individually per condition. Data represent the means and standard error of the mean for three independent biologic replicates. (p*<0.05, two-way ANOVA, Bonferroni correction ).