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Fig. 4
Longitudinal echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac function after cryoinjury.
(A) Lateral brightfield (top) and fluorescent (bottom) images of hearts derived from sham operated transgenic zebrafish [Tg(myl7:GFP)f1] and after cryoinjury at depicted time points. Dashed lines indicate injured myocardial area (i). (B) PWD recordings from sham (top) and cryoinjured zebrafish at 1dpi (bottom) demonstrating decreased A-wave and increased E-wave amplitudes indicative for diastolic dysfunction. (C) Representative SAX images from sham (upper row) and cryoinjured zebrafish at 1dpi (middle row) and at 30dpi (lower row) with end-diastolic dimensions illustrated in red and end-systolic dimensions in green. (D-I) Quantification of changes in (D) heart rate (HR), (E) fractional shortening (FS), (F) fractional area change (FAC), (G) ejection fraction (EF), (H) E/A ratio and (I) cardiac output (CO) at baseline and at indicated time points during regeneration after myocardial injury. Small number in (D) indicates number of animals analyzed (J) Speckle-tracking analysis of segmental displacement shows akinesia of injured (green, pink and light blue line) as compared to the non-injured segments (yellow, purple and dark blue line). The average curve of all segments is illustrated in black. For color coding of different segments see Fig 2B. Values are expressed as means ± SEM; a, atrium; i, injured area; ot, outflow tract; v, ventricle; AW, anterior wall; PW, posterior wall; *, p<0.05; unpaired student’s t-test and ANOVA with post hoc comparisons by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test.