FIGURE SUMMARY
Title

Astragalus polysaccharide protects against cardiac injury in a tnnt2a mutant zebrafish model of dilated cardiomyopathy

Authors
Zhou, C., Zhao, H., Peng, L., Dong, Y., Wu, Q., Wang, X., Xu, Y., Wang, Y.
Source
Full text @ BMC Complement Med Ther
Fig. 1

Acquisition and phenotypic analysis of tnnt2a−/− zebrafish. A Model 1 is the tnnt2a−/− homozygous juveniles produced by self-crossing of tnnt2a heterozygotes. Nevertheless, the homozygous mutant model used in this study has only a 25% probability of being obtained through self-crossing, and it exhibits a high mortality rate. To address these limitations, we employed the Tg:Tnnt2a−/− transgenic zebrafish model (referred to as Model 2) in our study. This model features a recovered heartbeat after the addition of DOX, allowing for more reliable and sustainable experimental conditions. B Representative images of lateral view of AB and tnnt2a−/− zebrafish. At 2 dpf, the tnnt2aex10Δ2 ( tnnt2a−/−) exhibits a phenotype reminiscent of dilated cardiomyopathy, characterized by cardiac arrest and enlargement of both the atrium and ventricle. Concurrently, mutant zebrafish display significant pericardial effusion, a hallmark of heart failure, at approximately 3 dpf

Fig. 2

Phenotypic differences between model 1 and model 2

Fig. 3

APS improves the cardiac function of DCM zebrafish. A The survival rates of zebrafish in each group, n = 30. B The heart rate of zebrafish after APS administration. Data are mean ± SD ( n = 10; △P < 0.01, compared with control; ☆P < 0.01, compared with the model 2). C Effects of APS on the ATP of zebrafish in model groups. ( n = 10; △P < 0.01, compared with control; ■P < 0.05, compared with model 1). D Representative images of zebrafish in each group at 4dpf. E–F. Comparison of SV-BA of zebrafish in model groups and after APS treatment. Data are mean ± SD ( n = 8; △P < 0.01, compared with control). The experiment was repeated three times

Fig. 4

APS reduces swelling to protect myocardial cells from injury on DCM Zebrafish. H&E staining of the heart area in zebrafish

Fig. 5

Bioconductor database-enriched pathways and GO entries. A GO enrichment entries in the top 20 about the biological process (BP). B GO enrichment entries in the top 20 about cellular component (CC). C GO enrichment entries in the top 20 about molecular function (MF). D KEGG enrichment entries in the top 20 (p < 0.05). The color of the bubble represents the value of p, and the size of the bubble represents the count of relative entries

Fig. 6

Effects of APS on the cardiomyocytes apoptosis of zebrafish in model groups. TUNEL staining of zebrafish hearts showing the apoptotic cells (red indicates apoptotic cells and blue indicates nuclei)

Fig. 7

Comparison of mRNA expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9 of DCM zebrafish treated with APS. Data are presented as mean ± SD. n = 30. △P < 0.01, Compared with control; □P < 0.01, compared with model 1; ☆P < 0.01, compared with model 2; ★P < 0.05,compared with model 2

Acknowledgments
This image is the copyrighted work of the attributed author or publisher, and ZFIN has permission only to display this image to its users. Additional permissions should be obtained from the applicable author or publisher of the image. Full text @ BMC Complement Med Ther
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