Fig. 1

NTT results for sweroside (2.79, 8.35, and 13.95 nM). (A) Representative tracking locomotion patterns in various groups; (B) Number of entries to the top; (C) Time spent in top (s); (D) Average entry duration (s); (E) Total distance traveled (m); (F) Freezing duration (s); and (G) Average velocity (m/s). Data are presented as means ± S.E.M. (n = 10 animals per group). * p < 0.01, ** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.0001, and **** p < 0.00001 (Tukey?s post hoc analyses). Imipramine (IMP, 63.11 ?M) was used as a reference positive drug.
Fig. 2

Assessment of response to novelty in Sco-treated zebrafish subjected to sweroside treatment at doses of 2.79, 8.35, and 13.95 nM in the Y-maze test. (A) Representative tracking locomotion patterns in various groups; (B) Time spent in the novel arm (% of total arm time); (C) Total distance traveled (m); (D) Turn angle (°). Data are presented as means ± S.E.M. (n = 10 animals per group). * p < 0.01, ** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.0001, and **** p < 0.00001 (Tukey?s post hoc analyses). Galantamine (GAL, 2.71 ?M) was used as a reference positive drug.
Fig. 3

Evaluation of recognition memory in Sco-treated zebrafish subjected to sweroside treatment at doses of 2.79, 8.35, and 13.95 nM in the NOR test: (A) Representative tracking locomotion patterns in various groups; (B) Preference (%). Data are presented as means ± S.E.M. (n = 10 animals per group). *** p < 0.0001 and **** p < 0.00001 (Tukey?s post hoc analyses). Galantamine (GAL, 2.71 ?M) was used as reference positive drug.
Fig. 4

Effects of sweroside (2.79, 8.35, and 13.95 nM) on (A) AChE; (B) Superoxide dismutase (SOD); (C) Catalase (CAT); (D) glutathione peroxidase (GPX)-specific activities; (E) Reduced glutathione (GSH) and (F) carbonylated protein levels. Data are represented by means ± S.E.M. (n = 10 animals per group). * p < 0.01, ** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.0001, and **** p < 0.00001 (Tukey?s post hoc analyses). Galantamine (GAL, 2.71 ?M) was used as a reference positive drug.
Fig. 5

Chemical structure of sweroside.
Acknowledgments
This image is the copyrighted work of the attributed author or publisher, and ZFIN has permission only to display this image to its users. Additional permissions should be obtained from the applicable author or publisher of the image. Full text @ Molecules
Your Input Welcome
We welcome your input and comments. Please use this form to recommend updates to the information in ZFIN. We appreciate as much detail as possible and references as appropriate. We will review your comments promptly.
Please check the highlighted fields and try again.
Thank you for submitting comments. Your input has been emailed to ZFIN curators who may contact you if additional information is required.
Oops. Something went wrong. Please try again later.