Injection of PBS with 0.001% Phenol Red into the Zebrafish Eye.

From left to right, just prior to the time of injection the eye is clear. Once both eyes have been injected (a period of about 3 minutes), the dye is visible in the anterior chamber. After 30 minutes the dye has been pumped to the vitreous via the normal aqueous flow dynamics of the zebrafish eye.

Normalized visual acuity measurements represented as a percent of baseline after injections.

The values presented are mean percentages normalized to baseline means for each group. Control fish (n = 17) did not receive an injection and their visual acuity did not significantly (N.S.) change. The PBS group (n = 13) received an equivalent volume of PBS injected into their eyes and did not show a significant change compared to baseline post injection (PI). The group injected with zeaxanthin (n = 13) had an increased visual acuity at 1 and 3 weeks PI and then saw a return to approximate baseline acuity levels by 12 weeks. Error bars represent normalized standard errors. The dotted line identifies the normalized starting visual acuity for each group.