PUBLICATION
Transcriptional profiling of zebrafish intestines identifies macrophages as host cells for human norovirus infection
- Authors
- Roux, E., Willms, R.J., Van Dycke, J., Cortes Calabuig, Á., Van Espen, L., Schoofs, G., Matthijnssens, J., Neyts, J., de Witte, P., Foley, E., Rocha-Pereira, J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-241126-3
- Date
- 2024
- Source
- Gut microbes 16: 24311672431167 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- de Witte, Peter, Foley, Edan
- Keywords
- Human norovirus, cellular tropism, host cell identification, host-virus interaction, intestinal epithelium, macrophages, zebrafish larval model
- Datasets
- GEO:GSE261163
- MeSH Terms
-
- Intestines/cytology
- Intestines/virology
- Caliciviridae Infections*/virology
- Intestinal Mucosa/virology
- Animals
- Zebrafish*/virology
- Virus Replication
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Macrophages*/virology
- Humans
- Larva/virology
- Norovirus*/genetics
- Norovirus*/physiology
- PubMed
- 39584740 Full text @ Gut Microbes
Citation
Roux, E., Willms, R.J., Van Dycke, J., Cortes Calabuig, Á., Van Espen, L., Schoofs, G., Matthijnssens, J., Neyts, J., de Witte, P., Foley, E., Rocha-Pereira, J. (2024) Transcriptional profiling of zebrafish intestines identifies macrophages as host cells for human norovirus infection. Gut microbes. 16:24311672431167.
Abstract
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a major cause of diarrheal disease, yet critical aspects of their biology, including cellular tropism, remain unclear. Although research has traditionally focused on the intestinal epithelium, the hypothesis that HuNoV infects macrophages has been recurrently discussed and is investigated here using a zebrafish larval model. Through single-cell RNA sequencing of dissected zebrafish intestines, we unbiasedly identified macrophages as host cells for HuNoV replication, with all three open reading frames mapped to individual macrophages. Notably, HuNoV preferentially infects actively phagocytosing inflammatory macrophages. HuNoV capsid proteins and double-stranded RNA colocalized within intestinal macrophages of infected zebrafish larvae, and the negative-strand RNA intermediate was detected within FACS-sorted macrophages. Flow cytometry confirmed viral replication within these macrophages, constituting approximately 23% of HuNoV's host cells. Identifying macrophages as host cells prompts a reevaluation of their role in HuNoV pathogenesis, offering new directions for understanding and controlling this infection.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping