PUBLICATION

Susceptibility and Permissivity of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae to Cypriniviruses

Authors
Streiff, C., He, B., Morvan, L., Zhang, H., Delrez, N., Fourrier, M., Manfroid, I., Suárez, N.M., Betoulle, S., Davison, A.J., Donohoe, O., Vanderplasschen, A.
ID
ZDB-PUB-230331-34
Date
2023
Source
Viruses   15(3): (Journal)
Registered Authors
Manfroid, Isabelle
Keywords
CRISPR/Cas9, PKR, PKZ, alloherpesvirus, anguillid herpesvirus 1, cyprinid herpesvirus 2, cyprinid herpesvirus 3, cyprinivirus, innate immunity, zebrafish
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Carps*
  • Fish Diseases*
  • Herpesviridae*/genetics
  • Herpesviridae Infections*
  • Larva
  • Protein Kinases/metabolism
  • Zebrafish
PubMed
36992477 Full text @ Viruses
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) represents an increasingly important model organism in virology. We evaluated its utility in the study of economically important viruses from the genus Cyprinivirus (anguillid herpesvirus 1, cyprinid herpesvirus 2 and cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3)). This revealed that zebrafish larvae were not susceptible to these viruses after immersion in contaminated water, but that infections could be established using artificial infection models in vitro (zebrafish cell lines) and in vivo (microinjection of larvae). However, infections were transient, with rapid viral clearance associated with apoptosis-like death of infected cells. Transcriptomic analysis of CyHV-3-infected larvae revealed upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes, in particular those encoding nucleic acid sensors, mediators of programmed cell death and related genes. It was notable that uncharacterized non-coding RNA genes and retrotransposons were also among those most upregulated. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of the zebrafish gene encoding protein kinase R (PKR) and a related gene encoding a protein kinase containing Z-DNA binding domains (PKZ) had no impact on CyHV-3 clearance in larvae. Our study strongly supports the importance of innate immunity-virus interactions in the adaptation of cypriniviruses to their natural hosts. It also highlights the potential of the CyHV-3-zebrafish model, versus the CyHV-3-carp model, for study of these interactions.
Genes / Markers
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Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping