PUBLICATION

Caffeine-Cyclodextrin Complexes as Solids: Synthesis, Biological and Physicochemical Characterization

Authors

Szmeja, S., Gubica, T., Ostrowski, A., Zalewska, A., Szeleszczuk, ?., Zawada, K., Zieli?ska-Pisklak, M., Skowronek, K., Wiweger, M.

ID

ZDB-PUB-210501-12

Date

2021

Source

International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22(8): (Journal)

Registered Authors

Wiweger, Malgorzata

Keywords

analytical methods, caffeine, cyclodextrins, mechanochemical synthesis, toxicity, zebrafish

MeSH Terms

Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
Animals
Caffeine/chemistry*
Caffeine/pharmacology
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning
Drug Synergism
Zebrafish
Cyclodextrins/chemistry*
Cyclodextrins/pharmacology
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
X-Ray Diffraction
Spectrum Analysis, Raman

PubMed

33919556 Full text @ Int. J. Mol. Sci.

Abstract

Mechanochemical and in-solution synthesis of caffeine complexes with α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins was optimized. It was found that short-duration, low-energy cogrinding, and evaporation (instead of freeze-drying) are effective methods for the formation and isolation of these complexes. The products obtained, their pure components, and their mixtures were examined by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, molecular modeling provided an improved understanding of the association process between the guest and host molecules in these complexes. The complexes were found to exhibit high toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos, in contrast to pure caffeine and cyclodextrins at the same molar concentrations. HPLC measurements of the caffeine levels in zebrafish embryos showed that the observed cytotoxicity is not caused by an increased caffeine concentration in the body of the organism, as the concentrations are similar regardless of the administered caffeine form. Therefore, the observed high toxicity could be the result of the synergistic effect of caffeine and cyclodextrins.

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