PUBLICATION

Differential Nanoparticle Sequestration by Macrophages and Scavenger Endothelial Cells Visualized In Vivo in Real-Time and at Ultrastructural Resolution

Authors
Hayashi, Y., Takamiya, M., Jensen, P.B., Ojea-Jiménez, I., Claude, H., Antony, C., Kjaer-Sorensen, K., Grabher, C., Boesen, T., Gilliland, D., Oxvig, C., Straehle, U., Weiss, C.
ID
ZDB-PUB-200111-9
Date
2020
Source
ACS nano   14(2): 1665-1681 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Grabher, Clemens, Hayashi, Lisa, Takamiya, Masanari
Keywords
none
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Endothelial Cells/chemistry*
  • Endothelial Cells/metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Macrophages/chemistry*
  • Macrophages/metabolism
  • Nanoparticles/chemistry
  • Nanoparticles/metabolism*
  • Particle Size
  • Silicon Dioxide/chemistry
  • Silicon Dioxide/metabolism*
  • Surface Properties
  • Time Factors
  • Zebrafish/embryology
PubMed
31922724 Full text @ ACS Nano
Abstract
Despite the common knowledge that the reticuloendothelial system is largely responsible for blood clearance of systemically administered nanoparticles, the sequestration mechanism remains a "black box". Using transgenic zebrafish embryos with cell type-specific fluorescent reporters and fluorescently-labelled model nanoparticles (70 nm SiO2), we here demonstrate simultaneous three-color in vivo imaging of intravenously injected nanoparticles, macrophages and scavenger endothelial cells (SECs). The trafficking processes were further revealed at ultrastructural resolution by transmission electron microscopy. We also find, using a correlative light-electron microscopy approach, that macrophages rapidly sequester nanoparticles via membrane adhesion and endocytosis (including macropinocytosis) within minutes after injection. In contrast, SECs trap single nanoparticles via scavenger receptor-mediated endocytosis resulting in gradual sequestration with a time scale of hours. Inhibition of the scavenger receptors prevented SECs from accumulating nanoparticles but enhanced uptake in macrophages, indicating the competitive nature of nanoparticle clearance in vivo. To directly quantify the relative contributions of the two cell types to overall nanoparticle sequestration, the differential sequestration kinetics was studied within the first 30 min post-injection. This revealed a much higher and increasing relative contribution of SECs as they by far outnumber macrophages in zebrafish embryos, suggesting the importance of the macrophage:SECs ratio in a given tissue. Further characterizing macrophages on their efficiency in nanoparticle clearance, we show that inflammatory stimuli diminish the uptake of nanoparticles per cell. Our study demonstrates the strength of transgenic zebrafish embryos for intravital real-time and ultrastructural imaging of nanomaterials that may provide mechanistic insights into nanoparticle clearance in rodent models and humans.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping