PUBLICATION

Mutations in Zebrafish lrp2 Result in Adult-Onset Ocular Pathogenesis That Models Myopia and Other Risk Factors for Glaucoma

Authors
Veth, K.N., Willer, J.R., Collery, R.F., Gray, M.P., Willer, G.B., Wagner, D.S., Mullins, M.C., Udvadia, A.J., Smith, R.S., John, S.W., Gregg, R.G., and Link, B.A.
ID
ZDB-PUB-110317-36
Date
2011
Source
PLoS Genetics   7(2): e1001310 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Collery, Ross, Gregg, Ronald G., Link, Brian, Mullins, Mary C., Udvadia, Ava J., Veth, Kerry, Wagner, Daniel, Willer, Jason
Keywords
Eyes, Optic nerve, Retina, Axons, Retinal ganglion cells, Glaucoma, Zebrafish, Phenotypes
MeSH Terms
  • Aging/pathology
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Axons/pathology
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Eye/pathology*
  • Glaucoma/complications*
  • Glaucoma/genetics*
  • Glaucoma/physiopathology
  • Hydrophthalmos/complications
  • Intraocular Pressure
  • Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2/chemistry
  • Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2/genetics*
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation/genetics*
  • Myopia/complications*
  • Myopia/genetics*
  • Myopia/physiopathology
  • Optic Disk/pathology
  • Optic Disk/ultrastructure
  • Organ Size
  • Phenotype
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells/metabolism
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology
  • Risk Factors
  • Stress, Physiological/genetics
  • Up-Regulation
  • Zebrafish/genetics
  • Zebrafish Proteins/chemistry
  • Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
PubMed
21379331 Full text @ PLoS Genet.
Abstract
The glaucomas comprise a genetically complex group of retinal neuropathies that typically occur late in life and are characterized by progressive pathology of the optic nerve head and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. In addition to age and family history, other significant risk factors for glaucoma include elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and myopia. The complexity of glaucoma has made it difficult to model in animals, but also challenging to identify responsible genes. We have used zebrafish to identify a genetically complex, recessive mutant that shows risk factors for glaucoma including adult onset severe myopia, elevated IOP, and progressive retinal ganglion cell pathology. Positional cloning and analysis of a non-complementing allele indicated that non-sense mutations in low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (lrp2) underlie the mutant phenotype. Lrp2, previously named Megalin, functions as an endocytic receptor for a wide-variety of bioactive molecules including Sonic hedgehog, Bone morphogenic protein 4, retinol-binding protein, vitamin D-binding protein, and apolipoprotein E, among others. Detailed phenotype analyses indicated that as lrp2 mutant fish age, many individuals-but not all-develop high IOP and severe myopia with obviously enlarged eye globes. This results in retinal stretch and prolonged stress to retinal ganglion cells, which ultimately show signs of pathogenesis. Our studies implicate altered Lrp2-mediated homeostasis as important for myopia and other risk factors for glaucoma in humans and establish a new genetic model for further study of phenotypes associated with this disease.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Show all Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping