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Fig. 3 ythdc2 mutant spermatogonia have different defects from meiocmo/mo. (A) Histology (HE) and immunostaining against Plzf and spermatocyte markers (Sycp1, 3) in the ythdc2-/- testes. (B) Representative image of meiocmo/mo and ythdc2-/- testes sections stained with PAS (periodic acid Schiff) and hematoxylin. Dotted lines: 1- to 2-cell cyst spermatogonia (black) and 4≤-cell cysts (yellow). (C) The number of 1- to 2-, 4-, and 8-cell cyst spermatogonia per mm2 of sections in wild-type, meiocmo/mo, and ythdc2-/- testes. (D) Ratio of the number of 4- to 8-cell cyst spermatogonia to 1- to 2-cell cysts in wild-type, meiocmo/mo, and ythdc2-/- testes. (E) In situ hybridization of 5S, 5.8S, 18S, and 28S rRNA and immunohistochemistry with anti-Rpl15 antibody in the ythdc2-/- testes. Yellow dotted lines: 1- to 2-cell spermatogonia. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ns: not significant. Scale bars: 10 µm.