ZFIN Image: Bai et al., 2025, FIGURE 5

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FIGURE 5

Synergistic targeting of proteasome and ferroptosis pathways underlies RIF’s anti-leukemic efficacy. Functional dissection identifies RIF-driven pathway perturbations: (A) GO analysis reveals coordinated dysregulation in ubiquitin-proteasome system (proteasome assembly, ubiquitin-dependent/independent degradation) coupled with autophagic flux and iron homeostasis; (B) KEGG analysis confirms proteasome activation (intracellular proteostasis hub) and ferroptosis-glutathione axis alterations; Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) validates coherent modulation of (C) Proteasome and (D) Ferroptosis pathways. These findings highlight a dual-pathway mechanism where RIF suppresses leukemia progression by inhibiting proteasome hyperactivity and inducing iron-dependent redox stress.

Acknowledgments

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