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FIGURE 5
Apigenin activates the c-KIT/Raf-1/MAPK signaling pathway in HEMCs. HEMCs were treated with apigenin (10 μM) for the indicated time periods (0–180 min), and the phosphorylation levels of c-KIT, Raf-1, MEK, ERK, RSK, p38, and MSK1 were assessed by Western blotting. Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. untreated cells. c-KIT, cellular-KIT; Raf-1, rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma-1; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; HEMCs, human epidermal melanocytes; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; RSK, p90 ribosomal S6 kinase; p38, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; MSK1, mitogen-and stress-activated protein kinase 1.