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Fig. 4 Post-synaptic recording from the NMJ following bPAC photostimulation demonstrates altered signaling in cpe and tac1 knockout animals (A) Representative recording of mEPSCs before, during, and after bPAC photostimulation (blue bar) in a wild-type animal expressing bPAC in cholinergic motor neurons. (B) mEPSC frequencies were analyzed in different time bins, as indicated, in wild-type animals, as well as in bPAC-expressing animals, either wild-type siblings or cpe?/? or tac1?/? knockout animals. (C) Normalized mEPSC rates analyzed in 5 s time bins, as indicated, in the respective animals as in (B). Blue shade indicates time of blue light exposure. Data are displayed as means ± SEM. (D) Number of mEPSC events of a given amplitude interval, as indicated, observed over a 30 s interval before photostimulation (upper panel) or during the photostimulation (lower panel), for animals expressing bPAC, in wild-type, or cpe?/? or tac1?/? knockout animals. (E) mEPSC amplitudes were analyzed for each strain in 30 s intervals as indicated, before, during, and after photostimulation. (F) All mEPSC amplitudes across all intervals were analyzed for bPAC-expressing animals (wild type, or cpe?/? or tac1?/? knockouts, as indicated). In (B) and (D?F), median and 25/75 quartiles (thick and thin black lines), min to max are shown. Two-way ANOVA, Tukey test. In (B) and (E), red significance labels analyses using Fisher Test. Statistical significance given as ??p < 0.01, ?p < 0.05; n.s., non-significant.