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Fig. 8 Regulatory activities of pax2a upstream DNA in cultured cells. (A) Luciferase reporter constructs used for reporter assays. Possible transcription factor-binding sites are shown above (cf. Fig. 5 B). The 5.0-kb upstream DNA of pax2a or its subregions was ligated to the luciferase gene, and the constructs were subjected to reporter assays in embryos or HEK293T cells. (B) Expression of the luciferase constructs with deletions in the pax2a upstream DNA in HEK293T cells. (C) Regulatory activities of the PDE and PPE enhancer regions in HEK293T cells using the [−1.0/ATG] region as a promoter. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.