Fig. 4

Fig. 4 Assessment of visual behavior for control and 2-week dark-reared fish. (A–D) Spatial-frequency tuning functions were measured using optomotor responses (OMR) in control (N = 31) and 2-week dark-reared zebrafish (N = 30). (A) Spatial-frequency tuning functions are three-parameter log-Gaussian functions fit to the data by minimizing the least-square error. Error bars show ± SEM. The fitted parameters, including (B) normalized amplitude, (C) peak frequency and (D) bandwidth, were compared between groups. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Nested F-test was performed. (E–J) Locomotor responses of control and 2-week dark-reared zebrafish. (E–H) Representative 5-min swimming traces for control fish (N = 12) under bright and dim luminance (E and F, respectively), as well as dark-reared fish (N = 10) under bright and dim luminance (G and H, respectively). In each trace, the red and magenta circles indicate start and end positions, respectively. Swimming speeds during recording are color coded onto swimming traces as per the colormaps below each trace. Black circles around traces indicate the wells that contained the fish. Total distance travelled (I) and averaged swimming speeds (J) were quantified. Two-way ANOVA with Fisher's LSD was performed. For all statistics, *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001. Asterisks next to the vertical bars indicate the group effect, those above or below the horizontal bracket indicate post-hoc comparisons. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)