|
Fig. 3 Effect of the T-type Ca2+ channel antagonist ML218 (0.3 and 1 mM) on cardiac Ca2+ levels and ventricular contractility of 3 dpf zebrafish larvae. Tg(myl7:Twitch-4) larvae at 3 dpf were treated with 0.3 mM (N = 3, n = 11) or 1 mM (N = 3, n = 12) ML218 for 1 h. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic Ca2+ levels, and Ca2+ transient amplitude in the atrium (red) and ventricle (gray) of larvae treated with 0.3 (A) or 1 mM (B) ML218. The traces in A and B show the atrial (red) and ventricular (gray) Ca2+ levels (emission ratio). AV delay (C), ventricular areas, fractional area change, stroke volume, and cardiac output (D) of larvae treated with 0.3 (black) or 1 mM (blue) ML218. Data are shown as the mean ± SD. Statistical analysis in A and B was performed using a paired Student's t test, as well as in C and D for 0.3 mM ML218. Differences in C and D for 1 mM ML218 were analyzed using a Wilcoxon test (*p < 0.05, †p < 0.01, ‡p < 0.001).