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Fig. 4 Aerobic exercise alleviates the d-galactose-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in skeletal muscles. (A) Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining of skeletal muscle tissues for each zebrafish group. Red and blue show reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nuclear staining, respectively. Scale bar: 100 ?m. (B) Quantitative fluorescence values of ROS staining for each zebrafish group. (C) Effects of aerobic exercise on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in skeletal muscles of d-gal-induced senescent zebrafish. (D) Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in skeletal muscles of zebrafish. (E) Transmission electron micrographs of the skeletal muscles of zebrafish. Scale bar: 50 nm. (E') Magnification of local mitochondria. Scale bar: 34.5 nm. * represents d-gal-treated controls (DC) compared with normal controls (NC); # represents d-gal aerobic exercise (DA) compared with DC. # p < 0.05. ###, *** p < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)