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Fig. 8

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Publication: Tyrkalska et al., 2022 - Differential proinflammatory activities of Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
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Fig. 8

Fig. 8. Human mononuclear cells and neutrophils failed to respond to recombinant S proteins.

PBMCs (A) and neutrophils (B) from healthy donors and white blood cells (WBC) from the synovial fluid of a patient with recent onset oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JID) (C) were stimulated for 4 hours with recombinant S1 (1 μg/ml; WT, γ, δ, and β), S1 + S2 (WT), and E (WT) proteins, and the mRNA levels of the indicated genes analyzed by RT-qPCR. S1WT from Sino Biological (S1WT) and ABclonal (S1WT-2) were used. As a control, recombinant E protein was used preheated at 80°C for 30 min (E80). Data are shown as the means ± SEM of three technical replicates from two (A and B) or one (C) donors. P values were calculated using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple range test. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ***P ≤ 0.001.

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