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Fig. 1
Figure 1.High calorie feeding caused higher body mass without fasting hyperglycemia. A: zebrafish fed high-calorie diets (high-calorie diet and high-calorie, high-fat diet) were heavier than those fed a normal diet after 8 wk. B: standard length increased over the course of the experiment in all groups except for the normal diet-fed group and was significantly longer in the high-calorie diet-fed group (vs. the normal diet-fed group) at 8 wk. C: body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in the high-calorie, high-fat diet-fed group than in the normal diet-fed group at 8 wk. D: fasting glucose was not significantly different between the diet-fed groups. E: kidney area as measured following fixation and dissection. High-calorie diet-fed fish had significantly larger kidneys, and high-fat diet-fed fish had significantly smaller kidneys. There was no difference in relative kidney size when kidney size was normalized to total fish weight. F: lateral views of zebrafish in each group revealed increased abdominal girth compared with head size in the high-calorie diet-fed and high-calorie, high-fat diet-fed groups. G: ventral view of the kidney at the time of dissection. The kidney is outlined in black, adherent to the dorsal abdominal wall with all other abdominal organs removed. Representative images are shown, and all images were taken from the same distance with equal magnification. Scale bars = 1 cm. n = 11–15 fish/group for A–G. Data are presented as means ± SD. Statistical tests were as follows: Welch ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. HC, high-calorie diet; HCHF, high-calorie, high-fat diet; HF, high-fat diet; ND, normal diet.