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Figure 5.

ID: ZDB-IMAGE-220328-33
Publication: Kilroy et al., 2022 - Beneficial impacts of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on muscle structure and function in the zebrafish model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
All Figures: Figures for Kilroy et al., 2022

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Figure 5. Impacts of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) paradigms on swimming.

DanioVision was used to assess the impact of NMES on total distance (A) and (B) mean velocity. Measurements were made at 8 days post-fertilization (dpf). (A1, B1) dmd mutants that completed power NMES (pNMES) exhibited significant reductions in total distance and mean velocity compared to dmd mutants in the control group. (A2, B2) Strength NMES also negatively affected swimming activity in dmd mutants compared to control dmd mutants. (A3, B3) No change in total distance or mean velocity is observed following hypertrophy NMES (hNMES). (A4, B4) dmd mutants that completed endurance NMES (eNMES) swam a significantly greater total distance and at a significantly faster mean velocity compared to dmd mutants in the control group. Each data point represents a single time point for an individual zebrafish. Each zebrafish has a total of 15 points. DanioVision data were analyzed using two-sided t-tests. **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001.

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