A Pipeline for high speed imaging for ventricular contraction and intracardiac flow dynamics.
(A) The integration of light-sheet and light-field microscopy captures the contracting myocardium (cmlc2:GFP) and traveling blood cells (gata1a:dsRed) at 200 volumes per second. The light field-generated blood cell images (upper illustration) are synchronized with the light sheet-generated myocardial cross-section images (lower illustration). (B) GFP-labeled cardiomyocyte light chain (cmlc2) and dsRed-labeled blood cells (gata1a) are simultaneously visualized in a 3-D reconstructed embryonic heart. The red arrows indicate the direction of blood flow. A: atrium; V: ventricle. (C & D) A time sequence of a cardiac cycle is illustrated in the coronal (C) and sagittal (D) plane, respectively. During diastole (light-blue bar), the blood cells traverse the atrioventricular canal (AVC) into ventricle. During systole, the blood cells travel through the outflow tract (OFT).
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