Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Disruption of the nodal signalling and left-right organizer development in zebrafish embryos in the experimental conditions of over-crosses and temporary cold shock during early development.(A)In situ hybridization reveals defect in nodal signalling. Asymmetrical expressions of dand5, spaw and lft2 are often randomized in the experimental embryos (b-d, b’-d’, and b”-d”) compared to controls (a, a’, and a”) respectively. B, bilateral; L, left-sided; R, right-sided; S, symmetrical. Scale bars, 150 µm. (B) The experimental condition causes reduced size of the Kuffer’s vesicle and lower number of cilia. (a-c) Confocal imaging showing primary cilia (green) labelled with an anti-acetylated α-tubulin (Ac-a-tubulin) antibody, Kuffer’s vesicle (yellow dotted circle), and the nuclei of neighbouring cells (red, SYTO17 staining). Scale bar, 20 µm. (d-f) Organizer size, cilia number and the cilia length were compared between the control (C) and experimental embryos (E). Statistical difference between groups was evaluated by the Student’s t-test.­­ **P< .0005.