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Figure 3 RagCS75Y induces increased myocyte size in NRVCMs. (A) Immunoblots for RagC and alpha-sarcomeric actin (α-SA) in cell lysate of NRVCMs infected with recombinant adenoviruses including Ad:GFP (CON) Ad:RagC wild type (RagCWT), and Ad:RagCS75Y (RagCS75Y). NRVCMs: neonatal rat ventricle cardiomyocytes. (B) Representative confocal images of NRVCMs infected for 48 h. NRVCMs were stained with an anti-alpha actinin antibody (red) and DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 20 μm. (C) Quantification of average cell area of three groups in (B). A total of 150–200 cardiomyocytes per group were measured in each experiment. Data were averaged from 3 independent experiments. * p < 0.05. NS, not significant. (D) Quantification of transcriptional level of hypertrophic molecular markers in NRVCMs. The mRNA values were normalized to 18S rRNA and expressed as fold changes over CON. Nppa, natriuretic peptide A; Nppb, natriuretic peptide B; Mhc6, myosin heavy chain 6; Mhc7, myosin heavy chain 7. n = 3–4. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM, * p < 0.05 versus CON, 2-tailed Student’s t test.