Figure 5

Figure 5

Effects of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on motor activity of MPP+-treated zebrafish larvae. Larvae were incubated in the absence (black bars) or presence (white and gray bars) of 500 μM MPP+ and injected with 72.9 ng GDNF (gray bars) at 4 dpf before assessing motor activity at 6 dpf for (A) distance swum (mm); (B) frequency of movement; (C) cumulative time of movement (s) and (D) swim bout duration during five consecutive light-on phases. Data are represented as means ± SEM from a single experiment, control group n = 32, MPP+ group n = 31, GDNF group n = 32. Normality was tested using D’Agostino and Pearson omnibus normality test followed by the two-tailed Kruskal–Wallis test (p-value shown above graph) and Dunn’s post hoc analysis. ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05, for multiple comparisons.