Fig. 4

Fig. 4

Timo AIII inhibits endothelial cell proliferation in HUVECs. a HUVECs were treated with various concentrations of Timo AIII (0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 µM) for 24 h, and cell viability was tested by the MTT assay. b HUVEC cells were cotreated with VEGF (50 ng/mL) and various concentrations of Timo AIII (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 µM) or SU5416 (1 µM), which served as a positive control, for 24 h, and cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. c Cell impedance, which was expressed as the cell index and measured by the xCELLigence Real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system, was used to evaluate the proliferation in HUVECs. HUVECs were treated with VEGF (50 ng/mL), Timo AIII (2 µM), or VEGF (50 ng/mL) + Timo AIII (2 µM) for 48 h, and cell impedance was detected at 1-h intervals. Data are presented as the percentage of the control group. The results are presented as the means ± S.E.M. ^##P < 0.01 and ^###P < 0.001 versus the control group. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 versus the VEGF-treated group