Figure 1

Figure 1

Effects of Ishige okamurae (IO) extract on zebrafish embryo. (A) Effects of IO extract on the survival rate of transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryos. The embryos were treated with 10, 30, and 100 µg/mL of IO extract for 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h post fertilization (hpf). The treatment effects were normalized to blank (0 µg/mL IO extract). (B) The survival rate of transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryos treated with 10 µg/mL IO extract and 130 mM glucose together. (C) Fluorescence microscopic images of the retinal vessels of transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryos treated with IO extract. (D) The diameter of the hyaloid retinal vessel treated with IO extract. (E) Images of the whole body vessel formation in transgenic zebrafish (flk:EGFP) embryos treated with IO extract as obtained by fluorescence microscopy. (F) Quantified fluorescence intensity of the whole body treated with IO extract (a: 0 mM glucose + 0 µg/mL IO, b: 130 mM glucose + 0 µg/mL IO, and c: 130 mM glucose + 10 µg/mL IO). The effects of 130 mM glucose on vessel formation were compared with B (blank (0 mM glucose + 0 µg/mL IO extract)). The effects of Ishophloroglucin A (IPA) on high glucose-induced vessel formation were normalized to C (control (130 mM glucose + 0 µg/mL IO extract)). Scale bar (C) 20 µm, (E) 1000 µm. * p ˂ 0.05, ^#p ˂ 0.05.