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Fig. 3
Knockdown of ARF1 leads to reduced cell invasion and metastasis in breast cancer. (A) The effect of shRNA-mediated ARF1 knockdown on MDA-MB-231 cells. (B) The effect of ARF1 depletion on cell invasion. (C, D, E, F) The effect of ARF1 depletion by shRNA on pulmonary metastases in the orthotopic mice model of breast cancer. (C, D) Quantitative data of lung weigh and gross surface pulmonary metastases. (E) Representative H&E stained lung sections from tumor-bearing mice. Six weeks after injection with MDA-MB-231 cells, the lungs from the NSG mice sacrificed were excised for pathological and histological analysis. Black arrows indicate representative metastatic foci. (F) The effect of ARF1 depletion by shRNA on metastatic dissemination in zebrafish. White arrows indicate disseminated MDA-MB-231 cells in the fish body. Quantitative data are shown in right panel. **p < 0.01.