vipa−/− zebrafish males are subfertile. Fertilization, fecundity, and survival rates of embryos produced by crossing vipa−/− males with WT females (n = 12) and vipa−/− females with WT males (n = 15). (A) Fertilization, (B) fecundity, and (C) survival rates at 48 dpf. Statistical analysis performed using Welch 2-ample t-test. (D) Fertilization rates of embryos from in vitro fertilization of sperm from vipa−/− males and oocytes from WT females (n = 8), or oocytes from WT females and WT sperm (n = 8). Statistical analysis performed using 1-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. ****P < .0001, ***P < .001, **P < .01, ns = P ≥ .05.
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