Fig. 3

Light Inhibition of Coiling Depends on an Extraretinal Opsin

(A and B) Representative peristimulus time histograms of coiling frequency (events/s; mean across six trials; bin = 1 s) of embryos at 22–25 hpf (A) or 27–31 hpf (B). Zygotes injected with scrambled control morpholino (n = 23 in A, 34 in B) (black) or morpholino against VALopA (n = 24 in A, 41 in B) (gray).

(C) Left, mean photoinhibition (±SEM) of scrambled control morpholino (sc; n = 40) and morpholino (mo; n = 55) -injected 22–25 hpf embryos. Two-tailed unpaired t test, p < 0.001. Right, frequency distribution of percent photoinhibition (six responses per fish) in scrambled control morpholino embryos (black) and morpholino embryos (gray).

(D) Normalized inhibition or excitation (mean ± SEM) of coiling frequency [ (Hz_Light Hz_Dark) / Hz_Dark] in the first 12 s after light onset relative to a 120 s preceding baseline in darkness (n = 39–75).

(E) Mean photoinhibition (±SEM; five responses per fish) of morpholino-injected embryos mosaically expressing low, intermediate, or high levels of a VALopA rescue construct with a mCerulean marker. One-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc analysis, p < 0.05, p < 0.01; n = 59 (low), 18 (intermediate), and 11 (high).

(F) Images of representative embryos expressing low, intermediate, and high levels of mCerulean fluorescence. Scale bar, 200 µm.

See also Figure S3.