- Title
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Oxytocin receptors influence the development and maintenance of social behavior in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
- Authors
- Gemmer, A., Mirkes, K., Anneser, L., Eilers, T., Kibat, C., Mathuru, A., Ryu, S., Schuman, E.
- Source
- Full text @ Sci. Rep.
Oxytocin receptors affect the development, intensity and maintenance of social preference. ( PHENOTYPE:
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Isolation rearing impairs the maintenance, but not the development of social preference. ( PHENOTYPE:
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Shoal cohesion and polarization is positively influenced by the Oxytocin receptors at 8 wpf. (a) The absence of either Oxytocin receptor led to increased nearest neighbor distance at 8 wpf, but not at 4 wpf. n for shoals: see below. Kruskal?Wallis-Test for nearest-neighbor distance: p(4wpf)?=?1.69?×?10?2, p(8wpf)?=?4.72?×?10?5, Wilcoxon rank-sum test for the nearest-neighbor distance of wild-type vs. mutant genotype: p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 4wpf)?=?4.74?×?10?1, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 4wpf)?=?3.17?×?10?1, p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 8wpf)?=?1.64?×?10?3, p(oxtrl +/+?oxtrl?/?, 8wpf)?=?4.13?×?10?2. (b) The inter-individual distance was enlarged in both Oxytocin receptor KO lines at 8 wpf, but not at 4 wpf. n for shoals: see below. Kruskal?Wallis-Test for inter-individual distance: p(4wpf)?=?2.07?×?10?1, p(8wpf)?=?2.40?×?10?3, Wilcoxon rank-sum test for the inter-individual distance of wild-type vs. mutant genotype: p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 4wpf)?=?4.09?×?10?1, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 4wpf)?=?2.59?×?10?1, p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 8wpf)?=?1.38?×?10?2, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 8wpf)?=?2.01?×?10?2. (c) oxtr?/? and oxtrl?/?showed increased farthest neighbor distance at 8 wpf, but not at 4 wpf. n for shoals: see below. Kruskal?Wallis-Test for farthest-neighbor distance: p(4wpf)?=?4.79?×?10?1, p(8wpf)?=?2.65?×?10?3, Wilcoxon rank-sum test for the farthest-neighbor distance of wild-type vs. mutant genotype: p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 4wpf)?=?4.74?×?10?1, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 4wpf)?=?1.29?×?10?1, p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 8wpf)?=?1.91?×?10?2, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 8wpf)?=?1.91?×?10?2. (d) Coordinated swimming, represented by the variance explained, was reduced in both knockout groups at 8 wpf but remained unaffected at 4 wpf. n for shoals: see below. Kruskal?Wallis-Test for variance explained: p(4wpf)?=?5.64?×?10?1, p(8wpf)?=?7.00?×?10?4, Wilcoxon rank-sum test for the variance explained of wild-type vs. mutant genotype: p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 4wpf)?=?8.88?×?10?1, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 4wpf)?=?4.80?×?10?1, p(oxtr+/+?oxtr?/?, 8wpf)?=?4.95?×?10?2, p(oxtrl+/+?oxtrl?/?, 8wpf)?=?4.95?×?10?2. Number of shoals (containing 20 fish each) per group: n(oxtr+/+, 4wpf)?=?26, n(oxtr?/?, 4wpf)?=?25, n(oxtrl+/+, 4wpf)?=?15, n(oxtrl?/?, 4wpf)?=?28, n(oxtr+/+, 8wpf)?=?24, n(oxtr?/?, 8wpf)?=?21, n(oxtrl+/+, 8wpf)?=?22, n(oxtrl?/?, 8wpf)?=?23. Each dot represents one shoal. Asterisks represent the statistical comparison between mutant and wild-type genotype at different ages. Number of replicates (n) and excluded n can be found in Supplementary Table S1, significance values in Supplementary Table S2. Significance is reported as *p?0.05, **p?0.01, ***p?0.001. PHENOTYPE:
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