- Title
-
Lactobacillus rhamnosus Accelerates Zebrafish Backbone Calcification and Gonadal Differentiation through Effects on the GnRH and IGF Systems
- Authors
- Avella, M.A., Place, A., Du, S.J., Williams, E., Silvi, S., Zohar, Y., and Carnevali, O.
- Source
- Full text @ PLoS One
GnRH3 neurons soma size. GnRH3 neurons in transgenic zebrafish larvae (n = 10) sampled at 6, 8 and 10 dpf (A). Assay was conducted in triplicate. On the right, GnRH3 neurons size (pixels) (B). The green channel of RGB images collected at magnification of 20X (whose some representative are shown here) was extracted, converted to grayscale and GnRH3:EGFP neurons were analyzed for size using the “Analyze > Analyze particles…” macro. We set up the macro-assisted algorithm to exclude the background pixelation. At 6, 8 and 10 dpf, 10 fish were analyzed for each experimental condition. Values with different superscript letters are significantly different (P<0.05). |
Backbone calcification. Two representative pictures showing backbone calcification of zebrafish larvae at 12 days post fertilization (dpf) from control (A, n = 10) and probiotic group (B, n = 10) respectively (3 replicates). 10× magnification of the centra (black arrows) and the Centra/Intracentra ratio with average values are reported (C and D). |
Gonad development. A: Gonad type percentage of 10 zebrafish from control (c) and probiotic (p) groups at 3, 6 and 9 weeks post fertilization – wpf. Assay was run in triplicate. B: Normal gonad development; progression from undifferentiated gonad, to ovary, altered ovary and testis. C: representative pictures of ovary, altered ovary and testis prematurely observed in probiotic treated fish at 3 weeks post fertilization. Legend: go, gonocyte; do, degenerating oocytes; sc, spermatocyst; I, stage I oocyte; II, stage II oocyte; scale bars 50 μm. |