PUBLICATION
Phosphorylation of the transactivation domain of pax6 by extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
- Authors
- Mikkola, I., Bruun, J.A., Bjorkoy, G., Holm, T., and Johansen, T.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-990628-30
- Date
- 1999
- Source
- The Journal of biological chemistry 274(21): 15115-15126 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Johansen, Terje
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism*
- DNA/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism*
- Eye Proteins
- Homeodomain Proteins*
- JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases*
- Mutation
- Paired Box Transcription Factors
- Phosphorylation
- Proline/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins
- Serine/genetics
- Serine/metabolism
- Threonine/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/metabolism*
- Transcriptional Activation
- Zebrafish
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
- PubMed
- 10329718 Full text @ J. Biol. Chem.
Citation
Mikkola, I., Bruun, J.A., Bjorkoy, G., Holm, T., and Johansen, T. (1999) Phosphorylation of the transactivation domain of pax6 by extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The Journal of biological chemistry. 274(21):15115-15126.
Abstract
The transcription factor Pax6 is required for normal development of the central nervous system, the eyes, nose, and pancreas. Here we show that the transactivation domain (TAD) of zebrafish Pax6 is phosphorylated in vitro by the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 kinase but not by Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Three of four putative proline-dependent kinase phosphorylation sites are phosphorylated in vitro. Of these sites, the serine 413 (Ser413) is evolutionary conserved from sea urchin to man. Ser413 is also phosphorylated in vivo upon activation of ERK or p38 kinase. Substitution of Ser413 with alanine strongly decreased the transactivation potential of the Pax6 TAD whereas substitution with glutamate increased the transactivation. Reporter gene assays with wild-type and mutant Pax6 revealed that transactivation by the full-length Pax6 protein from paired domain-binding sites was strongly enhanced (16-fold) following co-transfection with activated p38 kinase. This enhancement was largely dependent on the Ser413 site. ERK activation, however, produced a 3-fold increase in transactivation which was partly independent of the Ser413 site. These findings provide a starting point for further studies aimed at elucidating a post-translational regulation of Pax6 following activation of MAPK signaling pathways.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping