PUBLICATION

microRNA-21 promotes dysregulated lipid metabolism and hepatocellular carcinoma

Authors
VanSant-Webb, C., Castro, J.C., Su, A.Y., Hawkins, K., Saxena, A., Wright, J., Smith, R., García, M.F., Chen, Y.A., Barton, C., Stubben, C., O'Connell, R.M., Ducker, G.S., Evason, K.J.
ID
ZDB-PUB-260126-6
Date
2026
Source
Disease models & mechanisms : (Journal)
Registered Authors
Castro, Jessye, Evason, Kimberley, Saxena, Aavrati, Smith, Richard, VanSant-Webb, Chad
Keywords
Acylcarnitines, Liver, Steatosis, Zebrafish, β-catenin
Datasets
GEO:GSE320275
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/genetics
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*/pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Hepatocytes/metabolism
  • Hepatocytes/pathology
  • Humans
  • Larva/metabolism
  • Lipid Metabolism*/genetics
  • Liver/metabolism
  • Liver/pathology
  • Liver Neoplasms*/genetics
  • Liver Neoplasms*/metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms*/pathology
  • MicroRNAs*/genetics
  • MicroRNAs*/metabolism
  • Zebrafish/genetics
  • Zebrafish/metabolism
  • beta Catenin/metabolism
PubMed
41582686 Full text @ Dis. Model. Mech.
Abstract
The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rising in parallel with increasing obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). MicroRNAs are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and are attractive targets for HCC therapy. Here we sought to identify and characterize dysregulated microRNAs in MASH-driven HCC (MASH-HCC). We profiled microRNA expression in liver tissue from patients with MASH or MASH-HCC and in zebrafish HCC driven by activated β-catenin (ABC), one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in MASH-HCC. We found overlap between dysregulated human and zebrafish miRNAs, including miR-21, which was increasingly upregulated from normal liver to MASH to MASH-HCC. We generated transgenic zebrafish that overexpress or sponge miR-21 in hepatocytes. We found that miR-21 overexpression caused larval liver overgrowth and increased HCC, while miR-21 sponge suppressed β-catenin-driven larval liver overgrowth. By performing histologic and lipidomic analysis, we found that overexpression of miR-21, like ABC, suppressed lipid accumulation in response to a high cholesterol diet and increased accumulation of acylcarnitines. Thus miR-21, which is similarly upregulated in human and zebrafish HCC, promotes lipid metabolic changes that may help drive hepatocarcinogenesis.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping