PUBLICATION

CUL1 Variants Cause Severe Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from Human Genetics and a Zebrafish Model of Microcephaly

Authors
Xu, H., Liu, Z., Hamdan, F.F., Wu, S., He, M., Wang, D., Pan, H., Hu, J., Chen, Y., Michaud, J.L., Minnassian, B.A., Duan, J., Liao, J., Su, J., Hu, S., Peng, Y., Ye, Q., Chen, L.
ID
ZDB-PUB-251105-17
Date
2025
Source
HGG advances : 100542100542 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
CUL1 gene, Intellectual disability, Microcephaly, SCF ubiquitin ligase complex, Zebrafish model
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cullin Proteins*/genetics
  • Cullin Proteins*/metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Genetic Association Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microcephaly*/genetics
  • Microcephaly*/pathology
  • Mutation
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders*/genetics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders*/pathology
  • Pedigree
  • Phenotype
  • Zebrafish/genetics
PubMed
41189326 Full text @ HGG Adv
Abstract
Microcephaly is a neurodevelopmental anomaly characterized by reduced head circumference and impaired brain growth, often accompanied by intellectual disability (ID), developmental delays, and seizures. While numerous genes have been implicated in microcephaly, the role of the SCF (Skp1-Cul1-F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complex, particularly its core component CUL1, remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified heterozygous de novo and inherited variants in the CUL1 gene in four unrelated families with severe microcephaly, ID, and developmental delays. To investigate the functional consequences of CUL1 loss-of-function, we developed a zebrafish model with knockdown of cul1a&b, which exhibited significant reductions in central nervous system size and behavioral defects, mirroring the clinical phenotypes observed in patients. These findings establish CUL1 as a novel gene associated with severe neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and highlight its critical role in brain development. Our study provides genotype-phenotype correlations for CUL1 in NDDs, expanding the genetic spectrum of disorders linked to the SCF complex and underscoring its importance in neurodevelopment.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping