PUBLICATION

OpenEMMU: A versatile, open-source EdU multiplexing methodology for studying DNA replication and cell cycle dynamics

Authors
Contreras, O., Thekkedam, C., Zaunders, J., Aguirre-MacLennan, I., Murray, N.J., Gonzalez-Cordero, A., Harvey, R.P.
ID
ZDB-PUB-250909-2
Date
2025
Source
iScience   28: 113380 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
Biochemistry, Cell biology, Computational bioinformatics, Developmental biology
MeSH Terms
none
PubMed
40917879 Full text @ iScience
Abstract
5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) has revolutionized DNA replication and cell cycle analyses through fast, efficient click chemistry detection. However, commercial EdU kits suffer from high costs, proprietary formulations, limited antibody multiplexing capabilities, and difficulties with larger biological specimens. Here, we present OpenEMMU (Open-source EdU Multiplexing Methodology for Understanding DNA replication dynamics), an optimized, affordable, and user-friendly click chemistry platform utilizing off-the-shelf reagents. OpenEMMU enhances efficiency, brightness, and multiplexing capabilities of EdU staining with both non-conjugated and conjugated antibodies across diverse cell types, including T cell activation and proliferation assays. We validated its effectiveness for the fluorescent imaging of nascent DNA synthesis in developing embryos and organs, including embryonic heart, forelimbs, and 3D hiPSC-derived cardiac organoids. OpenEMMU also enabled the deep-tissue 3D imaging of DNA synthesis in zebrafish larvae and under replication stress in embryos at high spatial resolution. This approach opens new avenues for understanding organismal development, cell proliferation, and DNA replication dynamics with unprecedented precision and flexibility.
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