PUBLICATION
Hypoxic Human Microglia Promote Angiogenesis Through Extracellular Vesicle Release
- Authors
- Testa, A.M., Vignozzi, L., Corallo, D., Aveic, S., Viola, A., Allegra, M., Angioni, R.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-241218-7
- Date
- 2024
- Source
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25(23): (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Aveic, Sanja, Corallo, Diana
- Keywords
- angiogenesis, extracellular vesicles, hypoxia, microglia, neuroinflammation, stroke
- MeSH Terms
-
- Angiogenesis
- Animals
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cell Movement
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Extracellular Vesicles*/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Ischemic Stroke/metabolism
- Ischemic Stroke/pathology
- Mice
- Microglia*/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Zebrafish*
- PubMed
- 39684220 Full text @ Int. J. Mol. Sci.
Citation
Testa, A.M., Vignozzi, L., Corallo, D., Aveic, S., Viola, A., Allegra, M., Angioni, R. (2024) Hypoxic Human Microglia Promote Angiogenesis Through Extracellular Vesicle Release. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 25(23):.
Abstract
Microglia, the brain-resident immune cells, orchestrate neuroinflammatory responses and are crucial in the progression of neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke (IS), which accounts for approximately 85% of all strokes worldwide. Initially deemed detrimental, microglial activation has been shown to perform protective functions in the ischemic brain. Besides their effects on neurons, microglia play a role in promoting post-ischemic angiogenesis, a pivotal step for restoring oxygen and nutrient supply. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying microglia-endothelial cell interactions remain largely unresolved, particularly in humans. Using both in vitro and in vivo models, we investigated the angiogenic signature and properties of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by human microglia upon hypoxia-reperfusion stimulation. EVs were isolated and characterized in terms of their size, concentration, and protein content. Their angiogenic potential was evaluated using endothelial cell assays and a zebrafish xenograft model. The in vivo effects were further assessed in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Our findings identified key proteins orchestrating the pro-angiogenic functions of human microglial EVs under hypoxic conditions. In vitro assays demonstrated that hypoxic EVs (hypEVs) promoted endothelial cell migration and tube formation. In vivo, hypEVs induced vessel sprouting in zebrafish and increased microvessel density in the perilesional area of mice following ischemic stroke.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping