PUBLICATION

The overview of development of novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors effective against multidrug-resistant bacteria in an academic environment: from early hits to in vivo active antibacterials

Authors
Zorman, M., Hrast, M., Kokot, M., Minovski, N., Anderluh, M.
ID
ZDB-PUB-231112-3
Date
2023
Source
European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences   192: 106632 (Review)
Registered Authors
Keywords
DNA gyrase, antibacterials, bacterial resistance, novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs), topoisomerase IV
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
  • DNA Gyrase/chemistry
  • DNA Gyrase/pharmacology
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors/pharmacology
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors/therapeutic use
  • Topoisomerase Inhibitors*/chemistry
  • Topoisomerase Inhibitors*/pharmacology
  • Topoisomerase Inhibitors*/therapeutic use
  • Zebrafish
PubMed
37949194 Full text @ Eur. J. Pharm. Sci.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance caused by the excessive and inappropriate use of antibacterial drugs is a global health concern. Currently, we are on a fine line between the fact that most bacterial infections can still be cured with the antibiotics known so far, and the emergence of infections with bacteria resistant to several drugs at the same time, against which we no longer have an effective drug. Therefore, new antibacterial drugs are urgently needed to curb the hard-to-treat infections. Our group has developed new antibacterials from the class of novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) that exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. This article reviews our efforts in developing highly potent NBTIs over the past decade. Following the discovery of an initial hit with potent enzyme inhibitory and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, an extensive hit-to-lead campaign was conducted with the goal of optimizing physicochemical properties, reducing hERG inhibition, and maintaining antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with a focus on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This optimization strategy resulted in an amide-containing, focused NBTI library with compounds exhibiting potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, reduced hERG inhibition, no cardiotoxicity in in vivo zebrafish model, and favorable in vivo efficacy in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model for MRSA infections.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Show all Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping